American ephemeris of September 2021: it happened in the history of the United States

American ephemeris of September 2021: it happened in the history of the United States:

Farewell "United Colonies"

1776 was a turbulent time in the colonies. For example, on September 9, one year after the start of the War of Independence, and two months after the declaration of independence, the Continental Congress decided to change the name of the country and renames it "United States of America".

Sacrifice by Nathan Hale

British reinforcements have landed on Long Island and George Washington confronts them to keep control of New York. On September 12, his staff landed Nathan Hale, a young man of 21 disguised as a professor looking for work, behind the lines of the red coats. Nathan begins his career as a spy and he knows the price if he gets caught by the English. The latter take Manhattan and organize raffles of American patriots. Nathan Hale was arrested on September 21 along with 200 other people. The next day he was taken to the gallows. While the noose is being passed around his neck, Nathan Hale launches to his executioners one of the founding cries of America: "I only regret that I have only one life to lose for my country"!

Arnold's Crimes

About spy, five years after the death of Nathan Hale, on September 6, 1781, General Benedict Arnold ordered the burning of New London, a town in Connecticut where Hale had been a teacher. All the houses are burned. After being a continental hero, then a traitor, Benedict Arnold becomes a symbol of disgust.

Yorktown's Victory

But Arnold will not smile for long at his misdeeds. Twenty-two days after his forfeit, 240 years ago on September 28, 1781, Franco-American friendship will write a page of history to the detriment of the English: the decisive battle, the last major land confrontation, of the War of Independence . In front of Yorktown, the American troops are commanded by Washington and Lafayette, supported by the French led by Rochambaud. The admiral of the king of France, François-Joseph de Grasse, then prohibited all maritime access to Yorktown with his fleet. The siege and heroic assaults will last until October 17, and the surrender of British General Cornwallis. America is not yet truly independent… but that most difficult day has already been achieved.

Geronimooooo

On September 4, 1886, 135 years ago, the immense Apache warrior (and shaman) Geronimo, tired by FORTY YEARS of battles, finally surrendered, declaring: "This is the fourth time that I have surrendered".

McKinley Assassination

His economic prowess and his rapid victory in the Spanish-American war had ensured the re-election of the Republican William McKinley in the year 1900. But this beginning of the century was marked by anarchist violence. On September 14, 1901, 120 years ago, a worker shot him twice in the abdomen during a meeting in Buffalo. McKinley is thus one of the four American presidents to have been assassinated.

The Enterprise without Spock

On September 17, 1976, 45 years ago, the first space shuttle was tested on the back of an airplane. It bore the name "Enterprise", in homage to the ship of Star Trek.

nevermind

On September 24, 1991, American rebellion underwent a rebound that would mark an entire generation with the release of the album Nevermind, the second of the group Nirvana, whose first title, “Smells Like Teen Spirit“, propelled the group and its singer to the top. of a popularity difficult to assume. it was thirty years ago.

nineeleven

Terrorism is made to terrorize and, from this point of view… Osama bin Laden succeeded in his sinister project. The suicide attacks using four planes hijacked by 19 hijackers will plunge America into an incredible psychosis. For the first time in a long time, the country no longer feels invulnerable, since 2,977 deaths are to be deplored, to which must be added more than 6,000 wounded: the USA has been struck on its own soil. The consequences will be immense, with in particular two major conflicts in Afghanistan and Iraq, but also with the securing of American public and private space, the effects of which can still be seen 20 years later.

The dedication of the "first responders" is also an important historical marker for the country. No one has forgotten the 343 firefighters and 60 police officers who died in Manhattan's World Trade Center after entering it voluntarily. May they rest in peace.

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